Hosea 12
12
God’s Case against Jacob’s Heirs
1Ephraim chases#12:1 Or grazes on, or tends the wind#Jr 22:22; Hs 4:19
and pursues the east wind.#Gn 41:6; Ezk 17:10
He continually multiplies lies and violence.
He makes a covenant with Assyria,#Hs 5:13; 7:11; 8:9
and olive oil is carried to Egypt.#2Kg 17:4
2The Lord also has a dispute with Judah.
He is about to punish Jacob according to his conduct;#Hs 4:9; 7:2
he will repay him based on his actions.
3In the womb he grasped his brother’s heel,#Gn 25:26; 27:36
and as an adult he wrestled with God.#Gn 32:24–28
4Jacob struggled with the angel and prevailed;
he wept and sought his favor.#Gn 32:26
He found him at Bethel,#Gn 28:13–15; 35:10–15
and there he spoke with him.#12:4 LXX, Syr; MT reads us#Gn 28:10–22; 35:1–14
5The Lord is the God of Armies;
the Lord is his name.#Ex 3:15
6But you must return to your God.#Hs 6:1–3; 10:12
Maintain love and justice,#Hs 6:6
and always put your hope in God.#Mc 7:7
7A merchant loves to extort#Hs 7:14
with dishonest scales in his hands.#Pr 11:1; Am 8:5; Mc 6:11
8But Ephraim thinks,
“How rich I have become;#Ps 62:10; Hs 13:6
I made it all myself.
In all my earnings,
no one can find any iniquity in me#Hs 4:8; 14:1; Am 3:15; 6:4–6
that I can be punished for!” #12:8 Lit iniquity which is sin
Judgment on Apostate Israel
9I have been the Lord your God
ever since#12:9 LXX reads God who brought you out of the land of Egypt.#Hs 11:1; 13:3
I will make you live in tents again,#Lv 23:42
as in the festival days.
10I will speak through the prophets#Jr 7:25
and grant many visions;
I will give parables through the prophets.#Ezk 17:2; 20:49
11Since Gilead is full of evil,#Hs 6:8
they will certainly come to nothing.
They sacrifice bulls in Gilgal;#Hs 4:15; 9:15
even their altars will be like piles of rocks#Hs 8:11; 10:1–2
on the furrows of a field.
Further Indictment of Jacob’s Heirs
12Jacob fled to the territory of Aram.#Gn 28:5
Israel worked to earn a wife;#Gn 29:20
he tended flocks for a wife.#Gn 29:1–20
13The Lord brought Israel from Egypt by a prophet,#Ex 14:19–22; Is 63:11–14
and Israel was tended by a prophet.
14Ephraim has provoked bitter anger,#2Kg 17:7–18
so his Lord will leave his bloodguilt on him#Ezk 18:10–13
and repay him for his contempt.#Dn 11:18; Mc 6:16
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Hosea 12: CSB
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