TYPOLOGY: PASSOVER JUNE 22, 2022

DEFINING BIBLICAL TYPOLOGY

Typology: a person, office, place, institution, event, or thing in salvation history that anticipates, shares correspondences with, escalates toward, and resolves in Jesus.

SCRIPTURE

The Lord said to Moses and Aaron in Egypt, “This month is to be for you the first month, the first month of your year. Tell the whole community of Israel that on the tenth day of this month each man is to take a lamb for his family, one for each household. If any household is too small for a whole lamb, they must share one with their nearest neighbor, having taken into account the number of people there are. You are to determine the amount of lamb needed in accordance with what each person will eat. The animals you choose must be year-old males without defect, and you may take them from the sheep or the goats. Take care of them until the fourteenth day of the month, when all the members of the community of Israel must slaughter them at twilight. Then they are to take some of the blood and put it on the sides and tops of the doorframes of the houses where they eat the lambs. That same night they are to eat the meat roasted over the fire, along with bitter herbs, and bread made without yeast. Do not eat the meat raw or boiled in water, but roast it over a fire—with the head, legs, and internal organs. Do not leave any of it till morning; if some is left till morning, you must burn it. This is how you are to eat it: with your cloak tucked into your belt, your sandals on your feet and your staff in your hand. Eat it in haste; it is the Lord’s Passover. On that same night I will pass through Egypt and strike down every firstborn of both people and animals, and I will bring judgment on all the gods of Egypt. I am the Lord. The blood will be a sign for you on the houses where you are, and when I see the blood, I will pass over you. No destructive plague will touch you when I strike Egypt. This is a day you are to commemorate; for the generations to come you shall celebrate this as a festival to the Lord—a lasting ordinance.” Then Moses summoned all the elders of Israel and said to them, “Go at once and select the animals for your families and slaughter the Passover lamb. Thake a bunch of hyssop, dip it into the blood in the basin and put some of the blood on the top and on both sides of the doorframe. None of you shall go out of the door of your house until morning. At midnight the Lord struck down all the firstborn in Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh, who sat on the throne, to the firstborn of the prisoner, who was in the dungeon, and the firstborn of all the livestock as well. Pharaoh and all his officials and all the Egyptians got up during the night, and there was loud wailing in Egypt, for there was not a house without someone dead. Portions of Exodus 12, NIV

“Behold, the Lamb of God…” John 1:29

THE PASSOVER

1/ The lambs were brought in on the 10th day, just as Jesus is brought into Jerusalem on the 10th day.

The next day the great crowd that had come for the festival heard that Jesus was on His way to Jerusalem. They took palm branches and went out to meet Him, shouting, “Hosanna! Blessed is He who comes in the name of the Lord! Blessed is the king of Israel!” John 12:12-13, NIV (Exodus 12:3)

2/ The lamb was spotless, just as Jesus is spotless.

For you know that it was not with perishable things such as silver or gold that you were redeemed from the empty way of life handed down to you from your ancestors, but with the precious blood of Christ, a lamb without blemish or defect. 1 Peter 18:19, NIV (Exodus 12:5)

3/ The lamb was to have no broken bones, just as Jesus had no broken bones.

Do not break any of the bones. Exodus 12:46, NIV (John 19:32-36)

4/ God brought judgement in Egypt, just as God will bring judgement to the world.

It is appointed for man to die once, and after that comes judgment… Hebrews 9:27, ESV (Exodus 12:12)

5/ Seeing the lamb’s blood caused judgment to pass, just as seeing Jesus’ blood causes judgment to pass.

Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners… 1 Timothy 1:15, NIV (Exodus 12:13)

6/ Hyssop was used to as an aid for Passover, just as hyssop was used to aid in Jesus’ death.

A jar of wine vinegar was there, so they soaked a sponge in it, put the sponge on a stalk of the hyssop plant, and lifted it to Jesus’ lips. John 19:29, NIV (Exodus 12:22)

7/ The lamb was slaughtered on the 14th day, just as Jesus was slaughtered on the 14th day.

Christ, our Passover Lamb, has been sacrificed. 1 Corinthians 5:7, NIV (Exodus 14:6)

8/ The lamb’s body and blood were to be remembered, just as Jesus’ body and blood are to be remembered.

“This is My body given for you; do this in remembrance of Me. This cup is the new covenant in My blood, which is poured out for you.” Luke 22:19-20, NIV (Exodus 12:14)

CLOSE

“Genesis 22 is a lamb for one man. Exodus 12 is a lamb for a family. Leviticus 16 is a lamb for a nation. John 1 is a lamb for a world.” Sam Allberry

TYPOLOGY: THE EXODUS JUNE 22, 2022

DEFINING BIBLICAL TYPOLOGY

Typology: a person, office, place, institution, event, or thing in salvation history that anticipates, shares correspondences with, escalates toward, & resolves in Jesus

SCRIPTURE

Then the angel of God, who had been traveling in front of Israel’s army, withdrew and went behind them. The pillar of cloud also moved from in front and stood behind them, coming between the armies of Egypt and Israel. Throughout the night the cloud brought darkness to the one side and light to the other side; so neither went near the other all night long. Then Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and all that night the Lord drove the sea back with a strong east wind and turned it into dry land. The waters were divided, and the Israelites went through the sea on dry ground, with a wall of water on their right and on their left. The Egyptians pursued them, and all Pharaoh’s horses and chariots and horsemen followed them into the sea. During the last watch of the night the Lord looked down from the pillar of fire and cloud at the Egyptian army and threw it into confusion. He jammed the wheels of their chariots so that they had difficult driving. And the Egyptians said, “Let’s get away from the Israelites! The Lord is fighting for them against Egypt.” Then the Lord said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand over the sea so that the waters may flow back over the Egyptians and their chariots and horsemen.” Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and at daybreak the sea went back to its place. The Egyptians were fleeing toward it, and the Lord swept them into the sea. The water flowed back and covered the chariots and horsemen—the entire army of Pharaoh that had followed the Israelites into the sea. Not one of them survived. But the Israelites went through the sea on dry ground, with a wall of water on their right and on their left. That day the Lord saved Israel from the hands of the Egyptians, and Israel saw the Egyptians lying dead on the shore. And when the Israelites saw the mighty hand of the Lord displayed against the Egyptians, the people feared the Lord and put their trust in Him and in Moses His servant. Portions of Exodus 14, NIV

THE EXODUS

1/ Pharoah was a brutal ruler, just as Satan is a brutal ruler.

…in all their harsh labor the Egyptians worked them ruthlessly. Exodus 1:14, NIV (John 8:34-36)

2/ Egypt bound up the physical person, just as sin binds up the spiritual person.

And they said to each other, “We should choose a leader and go back to Egypt.” Numbers 14:4, NIV (John 5:14)

3/ The Red Sea could not be overcome in the flesh, just as salvation cannot be accomplished in the flesh.

Then Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and the Lord drove the sea back by a strong east wind all night and made the sea dry land, and the waters were divided. Exodus 14:21, NIV (Ephesians 2:8-9)

4/ The exodus plundered Egypt of riches, just as Jesus plundered Hell of souls.

The Lord had made the Egyptians favorably disposed toward the people, and they gave them what they asked for; so they plundered the Egyptians. Exodus 12:36, NIV (1 Peter 3:19-20)

“He suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, died, and was buried; He descended to hell. The third day He rose again from the dead.” Except from the Apostles’ Creed

5/ The wilderness attempted to purge Israel of her disobedience, just as sanctification attempts to purge us of our disobedience.

“…in the wilderness… they disobeyed Me and tested Me ten times…” Numbers 14:22, NIV (1 Thessalonians 4:3)

6/ God used the challenges of the Promised Land to mature Israel, just as God uses challenges of life to mature us.

“When the Lord your God brings you into the land you are entering to possess and drives out before you many nations…seven nations larger and stronger than you—and when the Lord your God has delivered them over to you and you have defeated them, then you must destroy them totally.” Deuteronomy7:1-2, NIV (James 1:2-4)

7/ The Promised Land is an earthly paradise, just as heaven is an eternal paradise.

But I said to you, “You will possess their land; I will give it to you as an inheritance, a land flowing with milk and honey.” I am the Lord your God, who has set you apart from the nations.” Leviticus 20:24, NIV (Revelation 21-22)